#define PROBLEM "http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=GRL_3_B" #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> #include <utility> #include "Mylib/Graph/GraphUtils/bridges.cpp" #include "Mylib/Graph/Template/graph.cpp" namespace hl = haar_lib; int main() { int V, E; std::cin >> V >> E; hl::graph<int> g(V); g.read<0, false, false>(E); auto ans = hl::bridges(g); for (auto &e : ans) if (e.from > e.to) std::swap(e.from, e.to); std::sort( ans.begin(), ans.end(), [](const auto &a, const auto &b) { if (a.from != b.from) return a.from < b.from; return a.to < b.to; }); for (auto &e : ans) std::cout << e.from << " " << e.to << std::endl; return 0; }
#line 1 "test/aoj/GRL_3_B/main.test.cpp" #define PROBLEM "http://judge.u-aizu.ac.jp/onlinejudge/description.jsp?id=GRL_3_B" #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> #include <utility> #line 3 "Mylib/Graph/GraphUtils/bridges.cpp" #include <vector> #line 4 "Mylib/Graph/Template/graph.cpp" namespace haar_lib { template <typename T> struct edge { int from, to; T cost; int index = -1; edge() {} edge(int from, int to, T cost) : from(from), to(to), cost(cost) {} edge(int from, int to, T cost, int index) : from(from), to(to), cost(cost), index(index) {} }; template <typename T> struct graph { using weight_type = T; using edge_type = edge<T>; std::vector<std::vector<edge<T>>> data; auto& operator[](size_t i) { return data[i]; } const auto& operator[](size_t i) const { return data[i]; } auto begin() const { return data.begin(); } auto end() const { return data.end(); } graph() {} graph(int N) : data(N) {} bool empty() const { return data.empty(); } int size() const { return data.size(); } void add_edge(int i, int j, T w, int index = -1) { data[i].emplace_back(i, j, w, index); } void add_undirected(int i, int j, T w, int index = -1) { add_edge(i, j, w, index); add_edge(j, i, w, index); } template <size_t I, bool DIRECTED = true, bool WEIGHTED = true> void read(int M) { for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) { int u, v; std::cin >> u >> v; u -= I; v -= I; T w = 1; if (WEIGHTED) std::cin >> w; if (DIRECTED) add_edge(u, v, w, i); else add_undirected(u, v, w, i); } } }; template <typename T> using tree = graph<T>; } // namespace haar_lib #line 5 "Mylib/Graph/GraphUtils/bridges.cpp" namespace haar_lib { namespace bridges_impl { template <typename T> int dfs( const graph<T> &graph, int cur, int par, std::vector<int> &visit, std::vector<int> &low, std::vector<edge<T>> &ret, int &v) { if (visit[cur] != -1) return visit[cur]; visit[cur] = v; int temp = v; ++v; for (auto &e : graph[cur]) { if (e.to == par) continue; int t = dfs(graph, e.to, cur, visit, low, ret, v); temp = std::min(temp, t); if (low[e.to] > visit[cur]) ret.push_back(e); } return low[cur] = temp; } } // namespace bridges_impl template <typename T> auto bridges(const graph<T> &graph) { const int n = graph.size(); std::vector<int> visit(n, -1), low(n, -1); std::vector<edge<T>> ret; int v = 0; for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) if (visit[i] == -1) bridges_impl::dfs(graph, i, -1, visit, low, ret, v); return ret; } } // namespace haar_lib #line 8 "test/aoj/GRL_3_B/main.test.cpp" namespace hl = haar_lib; int main() { int V, E; std::cin >> V >> E; hl::graph<int> g(V); g.read<0, false, false>(E); auto ans = hl::bridges(g); for (auto &e : ans) if (e.from > e.to) std::swap(e.from, e.to); std::sort( ans.begin(), ans.end(), [](const auto &a, const auto &b) { if (a.from != b.from) return a.from < b.from; return a.to < b.to; }); for (auto &e : ans) std::cout << e.from << " " << e.to << std::endl; return 0; }